2022高考英语话题复习学案-主题语境26物质与非物质文化遗产-含解析

主题语境26物质与非物质文化遗产

课前 主题词汇积累——没有词汇，什么也表达不了

记牢——主题词汇有空就记

[常见单词]

1．accuracy n．

[U]准确性；精确度(反义inaccuracy)

2．accelerate vt. & vi.(使)加速；促进 3．album n. [C]相册；集邮册；唱片专辑 4．ample adj. 足够的；充裕的 5．analysis n． (pl. analyses)分析 6．beast n.

[C]野兽；牲畜

7．call n．[C]叫；喊；通话；号召；呼吁 v．①vt. & vi.召唤；大声喊；打电话称呼；取名；召开；召集

①call at 访问(某地)

②call away 叫走；转移(注意力等) ③call back 唤回；回电话 ④call for 需要；要求 ⑤call in 招来；召集 ⑥call on 拜访(某人) ⑦call off

取消

⑧call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事 ⑨call out 大声叫(喊)；召唤 ⑩call up (给……) 打电话；使想起 ⑪called adj. 叫做；称作 8．calligraphy n. [U]书法 9．castle n. [C]城堡

10．delete vt. 删除；擦掉 n．[C](键盘)删除键 11．distribute vt. 分发；分配

12．district n. [C]区；行政区；地区 13．explanation n. 解释；说明 14．eyebrow n.

[C]眉毛

②vt. 15．hammer n. 16．heritage n. 17．human being n.

[C]锤子；榔头 vt.& vi.锤击；锤打 遗产 [C]人

18．hunger n．①[U]饥饿 ②[常用单数]渴望 vi.渴望 ①a hunger for knowledge/success ②hunger for/after 19．hunter n. 20．mat n. 21．possess vt. 22．possession n.

①in possession of ②in the possession of ③take possession of 23．preserve vt. 24．primitive adj. 25．prince n. 26．quilt n. 27．relate ①relate ...to ... ②related adj. ③relation n. ④relationship n.

渴求知识/渴望成功 渴望；渴求 [C]猎人；搜寻者 [C]垫子

[不用于进行时]拥有；占有；具有 拥有；占有 [C][常用复数]所有物；财产 拥有；占有 为……所有 拥有；占有 保护；保存

①原始的；远古的 ②简陋的；落后的 [C]王子；亲王 [C]被子；被褥

①vt.&vi.使互有关联 ②vt.叙述；讲 把……和……联系起来 相关的；有亲属关系的 关系；联系；亲戚 关系；联系；亲属关系

28．regret (regretted; regretted) vt.①后悔；懊悔 ②抱歉；遗憾 n．遗憾；悔恨 ①regret doing sth. ②regret to say/tell/inform ... ③to one's regret

遗憾做过某事 遗憾地说/通知 令某人遗憾的是

29．risk n．危险；风险 [C]危险的人物；会带来风险的事

vt.冒……的风险

①run/take/at the risk of doing sth. ②run/take a risk (risks)

冒着做某事的风险 冒险

③risk doing sth. ④risky adj.

冒做某事的风险 冒险的；危险的

30．somehow adv.①以某种方式；用某种方法 ②不知为什么 31．spear n．

矛；枪

32．spit (spat/spit, spat/spit) vt. & vi.吐(唾液、痰等) ①No spitting！ ②spit at/on/upon

33．starvation n． ►die of/from starvation 34．tentative adj. ►tentatively adv. 35．wrinkle n．

1．at most 2．cut up 3．care about 4．be aware of 5．regardless of 6．keep out 7．be fed up with 8．look ahead

9．date from/back (to ...) 10．with/in relief 11．make one's way 12．glance through 13．vary from ...to ... 14．take over 15．carry forward

不准随地吐痰！

向……吐唾液(以示藐视或憎恨) [U]饥饿；饿死 饿死

①不确定的；试探性 ②踌躇的；犹豫的试探性地；犹豫地

皱纹；褶皱 vt. & vi.(使)起皱纹；皱起

[常用词块]

至多；最多 切碎 在乎；关心 意识到 不管；不顾 关在门外；不准入内 受够了；饱受；厌烦 向前看；为将来打算 追溯到；始于

轻松地；欣慰地；如释重负地 前往

匆匆看一遍；粗略地看 由……到……不等 接收；接管；接任 弘扬

练清——常用词汇挤时就练

一、单词拼写(根据提示写出单词)

1．Delete (删除) the things that you don't really need, so you can save a lot of resources. 2．As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow (不知怎么地) nervous whenever we're taking an important exam.

3．What's worse, they spat/spit (吐痰) and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.

4．Once upon a time, a prince lived in a large and beautiful castle (城堡)． 5．He has got_ample (丰富的) stage experience, and won't get stage fright.

6．My album (相册) of boyhood photographs often reminds me of the past happiness. 7．He was so naughty that he hit the nail into the wall with a hammer (锤子)． 8．This district (地区) used to grow cotton on a large scale.

9．In order to save money, Mary saved up pieces of cloth to make a quilt (被子)． 10．He was looking at her with his_eyebrows (眉毛) raised questioningly. 二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)

1．Blood samples were sent to the laboratory for careful analysis (analyse)．

2．In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation (starve)．

3．The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations (explain) are hard to find.

4．As is known to us all, accuracy (accurate) is of great importance in the study of science. 5．In some poor African areas, many children died of hunger (hungry) every year. 6．With his business going on well, he took possession (possess) of stocks of different companies.

7．The hunter (hunt) agreed to take us to go hunting tomorrow. 8．“I think this is it”， says my friend, knocking tentatively (tentative) on one of the doors. 三、固定搭配(在空格处填1个适当的单词)

1．When I was fed up with listening, I usually entertained myself by reading.

2．Vegetables and meats are cut up and mixed in various ways into some dishes to serve the guests.

3．The club welcomes all new members regardless of age and sex. 4．We are fully aware of the necessity of carrying out a low-carbon economy in our country. 5．It is reported that to build a road, a well-known historical and cultural city has recently been torn down, one of its ancient city walls dating back to the Tang Dynasty. 6．First of all, I will have a warm family where the members will love each other and care

about_each other. 7．Hearing that her son came back safe and sound, she smiled in_relief. 8．After work, I usually glance through newspapers, listen to the news on radio or watch TV. 9．When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him. 10．There are various goods in the new supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars.

四、形变动词(用所给动词的正确形式填空)

1．More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead to_accelerate (accelerate) the supply-side structural reform.

2. It's no use regretting (regret) what you have done. 3．I'm a science student in high school, so I'm supposed to choose majors related_(relate) to science and engineers.

4. Young people may risk going (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. 5．March 5th is a day in honour of Lei Feng, when people are_called_ (call) on to help others. 6．In the move, most of the furniture was left to the neighbours or distributed (distribute) among friends.

五、熟词生义(写出画线部分在具体语境中的含义) relate(熟义：v.联系)

He related the facts of the case to journalists. v.讲述；叙述

六、单句写作(依据汉语提示补全句子)

1．你如果想脱颖而出，除了努力工作别无选择。(alternative) If you want to stand out, there_is_no_alternative_but_to_work_hard. 2．人们普遍认为压力是由工作太多导致的。(assume) It_is_generally_assumed_that stress is caused by too much work. 3．不管我怎样经常纠正他，他总是犯同样的错误。(regardless)

Regardless_of_how_often_I_correct_him,_he always makes the same mistake. 4．要是我没有放弃那次进修的机会就好了！(if only) If_only_I_hadn't_given_up the chance to study further! 5．新闻记者终于打通了这位著名的电影明星电话，结果却被告知他不想接受采访。(only to do)

The news reporter managed to get through to the famous film star, only_to_be_told he didn't want to be interviewed.

6．是我们的祖先发明了造纸、指南针等等。

It was our ancestors who invented_the_paper-making,_the_compass_and_so_on. 7．文物代表着我们祖先的智慧，所以我们必须团结起来保护它们。

Cultural relics represent_the_wisdom_of_our_ancestors,_so we must unite together to protect them.

8．参观的最重要的原因是为了了解我们的祖先是如何用他们所拥有的基本工具与自然作斗争的。

The

most

important

reason

for

such

课堂 主题线索复习——没有主题引领，复习会迷失方向 一、这样学主题——强化“语言能力”和“学习能力”

1．distribute vt.分配；分发；使分布

[以文化人] I told those international students that tea is widely distributed all over China. (2018·北京高考书面表达)

我告诉那些国际学生，茶在中国广泛分布。 (1)distribute ... to ... distribute ...among ... (2)distribution n. [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①Then we distributed some presents such as books and school bags to/among them. ②Who will take charge of the distribution (distribute) of food and clothing to the flood victims?

选词填空(distribute/contribute)

They have ③contributed lots of food and clothes to that rural area and some volunteers helped ④(to)_distribute them to those in need. 2．possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配

[以文化人] Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep in mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you attain success.

无论什么时候你控制不了情绪时，牢记一点：只有拥有良好的心态你才能获得成功。 (1)be possessed of (2)possession n. be in possession of

具有(某品质、能力等)

(尤作复数)所有；财产；具有；拥有 占有；拥有；持有 把……分给…… 在……中分发…… 分配；分发；分布状态

a

visit

is

to

realize

how

our_ancestors_battled_against_nature with the basic tools they had.

be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.

get/take/gain/have possession of [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best possession (possess)．”

②Although he doesn't possess much money, he is_possessed (possess) of good health. 一句多译

这个老人拥有一家大公司。

③The old man is_in_possession_of_a_large_company.

④The old man gets/takes/gains/has_possession_of_a_large_company. ⑤A large company is_in_the_possession_of_the_old_man. 3．preserve vt.保护；维护；保存；保留n.保护区

[以文化人] The local government has built a preserve to protect this kind of animal. 当地政府已经建立了一个保护区来保护这种动物。 (1)preserve ... from ... (2)nature preserve well-preserved (3)preservation n. [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①I pray that fate may preserve you from all harm.

②Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs (should)_be_preserved (preserve) and handed down to one generation after another.

一句多译

成立这个组织是为了保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。

③The organization was set up to preserve_endangered_species_from_dying_out.(preserve) ④The organization was set up to protect_endangered_species_from_dying_out.(protect) 4．regret v．可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；懊悔

[以文化人] I regret to tell you that I can't travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.

我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。

保护……免受…… 自然保护区 保存良好的 保护

为某人所有；在某人的控制下 拥有；占有

having done sth.

(1)regret  后悔做了某事

doing sth.

regret to say/tell/inform that ... (2)with great regret much to one's regret [对点练习] 单句语法填空

遗憾地说/告知…… 非常遗憾

令某人非常遗憾的是

①It's with great regret that I must decline your offer.

②I regret to_inform (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed.

③Li Ping did not regret giving (give) the comment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.

5．relate vt.& vi.联系；把……与……联系起来；叙述；讲述 [以文化人] You must relate your innovation to our school life. 你一定要把你的创意作品与我们的学校生活联系起来。 (1)be related to relate ... to/with ... relate to ...

(2)in/with relation to have no relation to [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①The report related high wages to/with labour shortages. ②What he said relates to what we are discussing now. 完成句子

③It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students' life. 据要求所有的文章都要与学生的生活有关。

④Have you read the report in/with_relation_to the plane crash in the newspaper? 你在报纸上读了有关这次坠机的报道了吗？ 6．risk vt.冒……的危险n.冒险；危险；风险

[以文化人] She risked her own life protecting the old building. 她冒着生命危险去保护这座古建筑。 (1)risk (doing) sth.

冒(做)某事的风险 与……有关系 把……与……联系起来 和……有关联；和……合得来 与……有关；涉及；与……相比 与……没关系

(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. take/run the risk of (doing) sth. take/run a risk/risks at risk

at all risks/at any risk [对点练习] 单句语法填空

冒着(做)某事的风险 冒……的危险；冒险做某事 冒险

境危险；遭受危险 无论冒什么风险；无论如何

①A rescue worker risked his life saving (save) two tourists trapped in the mountains for two days.

②He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at. ③We've been advised not to risk traveling (travel) in these conditions. 完成句子

④Whoever you are, don't take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that. 无论你是谁，都不要冒险做那样一份工作。

⑤The captain was not willing to risk_taking_his_ship through the straits in such bad weather.

船长不愿意在这样恶劣的天气里冒险将船驶过海峡。

1．make one's way前往

[以文化人] I made my way towards the harbor. 我朝港口的方向走。

fight one's way lose one's way feel one's way push one's way wind one's way [对点练习] 完成句子

①Look! Many children are_making_their_way to the beach. 看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。

②It was so foggy that we had to feel_our_way_home.

奋力前进 迷路 摸索前进 挤出来 蜿蜒前进

雾这么大，我们只好摸索着回家。

③A stream is winding_its_way through the valley into the river. 一条小溪蜿蜒曲折，穿过山谷，流入这条河。 2．glance through匆匆看一遍；粗略地看

[以文化人] You have only three minutes to glance through this article. 你只能用三分钟粗略地看了一遍这篇文章。 go through get through look through see through

[对点练习] 完成句子

①I have_looked_through_all_my_papers but I still can't find my notes. 我浏览了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。

②The manager was rushing to the airport so he_glanced_through_the_report the secretary had typed.

经理急于去飞机场，所以他粗略地看了秘书打印的报告。 ③I had to go_through_to_the_operator to get a connection. 我得通过接线员接通电话。

3．vary from ...to ...由……到……不等

[以文化人] I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying from Chinese stories to English ones.

我非常喜欢阅读，尤其是故事书，从中文故事到英文故事不等。 (1)vary in ... vary with (2)various adj. (3)variety n.

a wide variety of/varieties of [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in a wide variety of activities.

②Malaysia, a multiracial and multicultural country, is famous for its varieties (vary) of delicious food.

在……(大小、形状等)上不同 随……变化/改变 各种各样的；多姿多彩的 种种；多样化 种种；各种各样的 通过；经受；仔细检查 通过；做完；接通电话；熬过 快速查看；浏览 看穿；识破

③As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area. ④These toys vary in shape and color, attracting children's attention. 4．take over接收；接管；接任

[以文化人] When a volunteer was ill, I took over the task from her. 当一个志愿者生病时，我接替了她的工作。 take in take off take on take up take back take down take apart

[对点练习] 用介、副词填空

①The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.

②Ask her which duties she feels she's big enough to take on — it's likely to increase her willingness to try.

③You have to learn to take down the key points even though you don't take them in. ④They will take up a hobby or attend a course away from their teaching subject matter. ⑤It gives you the chance to take off those training wheels and learn how to be more independent.

5．独立主格结构

[以文化人] The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.

他和另外两个人爬下火山口去收集供以后研究用的岩浆，但由于这是我第一次经历，我待在山顶上观察他们。

独立主格结构的常用形式： 用法规则 (1) 逻辑主语＋现在分词 (2) 逻辑主语＋过去分词 (3) 逻辑主语＋动词不定式 (4)逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语 吸收；接纳；理解；领会；欺骗 脱下(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功 呈现；雇用；承担

拿起；着手处理；占据(时间、空间等) 收回，拿回；收回前言 写下；记下 拆卸

注意事项 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。 [对点练习] 单句语法填空

①The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. ②The task completed (complete), we had a global traveling.

③Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. 完成句子

④I heard that he got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry. 听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。

⑤Time_permitting,_I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.

如果时间允许，我希望有更多的空闲时间和朋友们在一起，这样我们的关系会更好。 ⑥Some_falling_behind,_others would come and offer help. 有些人落后了，其他人会来提供帮助。 6．“It is said that ...”句式

[以文化人] It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.

据说，这个男孩是满族人的父亲，他有语言天赋和很强的说服力。

(1)句式“It is said that ...＝Sb. is said to do sth.”，意为“据说……”。其中，不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。 用法规则 (2)It is thought that ... 据认为…… It is believed that ... 人们相信…… It is reported that ... 据报道…… It is hoped that ... 人们希望…… It is well-known that ... 众所周知…… 注意事项 [对点练习] 句型转换

①It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month. →The new mayor is_said_to_come into power next month.

在该句型中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。 ②It is said that carbon dioxide is heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. →Carbon dioxide is_said_to_be_heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. ③It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.

→The early European playing-cards are_said_to_have_been_designed for entertainment and education.

完成句子

④It_is_well-known_that advertising is often the most effective method of promotion. 众所周知，广告通常是最有效的促销方法。

⑤It_is_hoped_that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能很快得到控制。

⑥It_is_believed_that John will help us with some money. 大家都相信约翰会资助我们一些钱的。

[“完形”语段——练中巩固]

Last month, we ①made_our_way (前往) to an ancient town and saw many cultural sites. I saw that these sites were not well ②preserved (保护). It seems that people's awareness of protecting cultural relics needs to be enhanced, because they are our common ③possession (possess). We can't risk ④doing (do) such a thing, or we'll ⑤regret (后悔) sooner or later. Therefore, we call on everyone to take action to protect cultural sites. It's time for us to ⑥take_on (承担) the responsibility of preserving cultural relics.

[“双语”美文——以读促写]

Unique Singapore

Within less than an hour of arriving in Singapore, it was clear we had arrived in a country where eating has been elevated to the status of a national pastime. As we drove from the airport, we passed restaurants, cafés, hawker centres, bars, roadside stalls, all doing a roaring lunchtime trade. For me, food is probably the most important factor in the success of a holiday. No matter how beautiful a spot I find myself in, if the food aren't up to much, I won't enjoy myself.

Our base was the Shangri-La Hotel (香格里拉酒店). As well as a central location, the hotel has the advantage of a large pool, tennis courts and 15 acres of lush gardens. When I discovered our splendid room had been previously inhabited by Victoria Beckham, I knew I'd arrived.

(To be continued) [译文助读]

非常新加坡

抵达新加坡后不到一个小时的时间里，我就得出了一个确切的结论：饮食对于新加坡民众来说是极其重要的消遣方式之一。驱车离开机场的路上，我们途经各式餐馆、咖啡馆、大排档、酒吧和路边商亭，正值中午，人声鼎沸、生意兴隆。对我来说，决定度假成功与否的因素是美食。即使景色再美，如果提供的食物不多，我就不会开心。

我们的落脚地是香格里拉酒店。坐落于市中心的香格里拉具备了顶级酒店的设施标准，酒店有宽大的游泳池、多个网球场，还有总面积达15英亩的种植园。身处富丽堂皇的房间，感觉像是在做梦，直到听说维多利亚·贝克汉姆也曾是这里的住客，我才意识到这一切都是真的。

(未完待续)

二、这样考主题——注重“思维品质”和“文化意识”

Ⅰ.Reading 精读高考真题，发掘内蕴价值 (2015·四川高考·阅读理解E篇)

[1]No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock ‘n’ roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.

[2]“Technically, I think what they're proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said. [3]People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there's no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.

[4]The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds (滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.

[5]Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.

[6]However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, ‘Why don't they just try rolling the things？’”A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its

sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”．

[7]So he tried it. [8]He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.

[9]They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery (滑的) path.

[10]West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.

(语篇中红体词汇为主题词汇)

46．It's widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by________. A．rolling them on roads B．pushing them over the sand C．sliding them on smooth paths D．dragging them on some poles

解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.”可知，人们普遍接受的观点是埃及人是在光滑的道路上滑动石块的，故选C项。

47．The underlined part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means________. A．made the paths wet C．made the paths wide

B．made the paths hard D．made the paths slippery

解析：选D 词义猜测题。由该词组所在句子的后半部分“either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle”可推知，他们使用湿的黏土或牛的脂肪使道路变得光滑，这样才能更轻松地移动石块。

48．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to? A．Rolling the blocks with poles attached. B．Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels. C．Rolling poles to move the blocks. D．Rolling the blocks with fat.

解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据“So he tried it.”中的So一词可判断，it指代的内容应该在第六段。由文章第六段中的“A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching

wooden poles to its sides ... make a block of stone ‘a lot easier to roll than a square’．”可知，物理学家West提出，在石块四周捆绑上木棒可以使石块更容易滚动。因此他对这种方法进行了尝试，故选A项。

49．Why is rolling better than sliding according to West? A．Because more force is needed for sliding. B．Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle. C．Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous. D．Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.

解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“At least, workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.”可知，用滚动的方法不需要带着牛的脂肪或水使道路变得光滑，也就是说对道路做的准备工作更少，故选D项。

50．What is the text mainly about?

A．An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site. B．An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site. C．An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site. D．An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

解析：选D 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了古埃及人搬运巨石建造金字塔可能用的更省力的办法，故选D项。

[素养透析]

一、依据语篇隐性考查的“语言能力” 1．主题词汇语境中回顾(文中红体词汇多揣摩) 2．熟词生义语境中辨析(写出红体词汇的语境之义)

①Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains 遗迹

②However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. 究

3．生僻词汇语境中推断(写出汉语意思并识记积累)

①They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.

包

研of

paths.

裹

②They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery (滑的) path. 算

4．用构词法解构词汇多领悟(写出词源或意义)

①Technically (词源：technique), I think what they're proposing is possible ...

②I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction (词源：construct). 造

5．用语法知识破译长难句

I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.

分析：该句为主从复合句。while watching a television program为省略句，showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction为现在分词短语作定语，句中how引导宾语从句。

译文：我是在看一个电视节目时受到启发的，这个节目展示了滑板是如何帮助建造金字塔的。

6．理清文章脉络——文意通、解题准

建

计

二、煅塑新型人才所考查的“思维品质”

文中第50题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章第一段指出古埃及人很可能是利用把石块绑在圆木条上滚动前进的方法来修建金字塔的。接下来的几段作者又给出了另外一种观点：利用滑道滑动石块的方法运送石块。最后，科学家利用试验的方法证明了滚动石块的优势。利用概括性思维即可得出文章的大意是对古埃及人搬运巨石建造金字塔的方法的介绍。其他三个选项的侧重点分别是“方法的试验、运用和讨论”，仅涉及文章的部分内容，故排除。

三、贴合主流价值观所考查的“文化意识”

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古埃及人是如何搬运巨石的，旨在引导学生了解并关注世界文化遗产。近年来，我国加强了文化遗产的发掘与保护工作。文章的深层意义在于研究并保护文化遗产。就我国来说，优秀的文化遗产是中华民族优秀文化的核心，我们应该继承、保护和发扬，这也是我国新时代提出的一项要求。文中介绍的金字塔是著名的世界文化遗产之一，研究金字塔是如何建造的暗示了后人可以学习古人的智慧，为当今社会做出贡献。文章以此立意，符合时代要求。

发展思维品质Ⅱ.Looking and Speaking 提升表达能力



请用英语写出你“看”到的下面图片的主题概要

[参考答案]

①Cultural_heritage_is_a_national_treasure. ②We_should_protect_it_well. ③We_should_continue_to_pass_it_on.

④Heritage_is_our_legacy_from_the_past,_what_we_live_with_today_and_what_we_pass_on_to_future_generations._—World_Heritage_Centre ①文化遗产是国宝。 ②我们要好好保护它。 ③我们还要继续把它传承下去。

④遗产是历史的馈赠，今天我们与其共存，未来应该将其传诸子孙。——世界遗产中心

Ⅲ.Writing 增分写作，从写作基本功抓起 [写作主题]

假定你是李萍，你负责接待一个要参观故宫的美国中学生代表团。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿，以备参观之前向代表团宣读：

1．表示欢迎；

2．故宫简介：故宫是从明朝中期到清朝末期的中国帝王宫殿。它坐落于北京市中心，占地72万多平方米，于1987年被列为世界文化遗产之一；

3．表达祝福。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇： 帝王的imperial 遗产heritage

[4步写作流程]

第一步：句写对——给词写句

act as, tour guide, welcome, cover, square metres, Chinese culture, have a good time 用方框内的词汇翻译句子

1．我很荣幸今天有机会成为你们的导游。

I_feel_greatly_honoured_that_I_have_the_chance_to_act_as_your_tour_guide_today. 2．外国朋友们，很高兴欢迎你们来到故宫！

It_gives_me_great_pleasure_to_welcome_you,_our_foreign_friends,_to_the_Forbidden_City! 3．故宫是从明朝中期到清朝末期的中国帝王宫殿。

The_Forbidden_City_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_mid-Ming_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty. 4．故宫占地72万多平方米。

The_Forbidden_City_covers_an_area_of_over_720,000_square_metres. 5．你们会更好地了解中国文化，并会惊讶于它的设计。

You_will_understand_Chinese_culture_better_and_you'll_be_amazed_by_its_design. 6．我十分确信你们会在这里玩得很开心。 I'm_pretty_sure_you'll_have_a_good_time_here.

第二步：量写够——语句扩充

7．句3前面加入并列分句“故宫位于中国北京的中心”。

The_Forbidden_City_is_located_in_the_centre_of_Beijing,_China,_and_it_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_mid-Ming_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty. 8．句4加入并列分句“于1987年被列为世界文化遗产之一”。

The_Forbidden_City_covers_an_area_of_over_720,000_square_metres_and_it_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987. 9．句5加入状语“通过参观故宫”，并用短语have a better understanding of改写。 By_visiting_the_Forbidden_City,_you_will_have_a_better_understanding_of_Chinese_culture_and_you'll_be_amazed_by_its_design. 第三步：语写美——词句升格 1．用过去分词短语作状语改写句7。

Located_in_the_centre_of_Beijing,_China,_the_Forbidden_City_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_mid-Ming_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty. 2．用定语从句改写句8。

The_Forbidden_City,_which_covers_an_area_of_over_720,000_square_metres,_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文

发言稿的开头可以用“My name is Li Ping.”作自我介绍，结尾用“Thank you！”表示感谢。

Dear_friends，

My name is Li Ping.I feel greatly honored that I have the chance to act as your tour guide today.It gives me great pleasure to welcome you, our foreign friends, to the Forbidden City!

Located_in_the_centre_of_Beijing,_China,_the_Forbidden_City_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_mid-Ming_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty.The_Forbidden_City,_which_covers_an_area_of_over_720,000_square_metres,_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987.By_visiting_the_Forbidden_City,_you_will_have_a_better_understanding_of_Chinese_culture_and_you'll_be_amazed_by_its_design.I'm_pretty_sure_you'll_have_a_good_time_here. Thank_you!