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【Abstract】 我们作为非母语的语言学习者,在学习第二语言（英语）时,会遇到许多的不易解决的问题与障碍。我分析我的这些障碍包括主观的障碍以及客观的障碍。
客观障碍主要就是我学习方法以及学习思维有问题。例如：发音问题，语音语调问题，单词量不足，导致听力方面有许多的问题，而且听力听的不够，听不懂别人说什么，无法与他人交流。由于我的发音问题，我听不准单词，如此一来，即使学过的单词我也很难听出来。这就加大了我的英语听力难度。
我的主观的障碍主要包括作为学习者，我对所学的第二语言缺乏兴趣，学习目的不明确，单纯为了考试而学习；没有矫正自己的学习态度，缺乏自信心,不愿开口讲外语。我虽然有学好的愿望，也下过决心要努力学习，而学习不仅要有不怕吃苦的精神，而且要有持之以恒的耐力。由于我缺乏毅力，一旦短期内没有达到预期的效果，便丧失继续进取的信心，形成了想学好又怕吃苦的心理矛盾，最后就降低了目标，只是为了应付期末考试。还有就是羞于向老师或同学问问题，造成了知识的脱节，结果就是恶性循环，无法掌握知识。此外，在考试的时候，由于听力是我的弱项，我就会非常紧张，本来可以听得懂的文章也听不出来。
解决问题的方法就是放下心理包袱，摆正学习态度，脚踏实地地努力学习，有决心和坚定的毅力去努力学习。多听英语，讲究学习方法，多培养学习的兴趣，听一些外文歌曲，欧美电影电视剧，扩大词汇量，而且不能一遇到不会的单词就直接查字典，要多听多记忆，敢说多说，多浏览网站，充分利用网上资源，多与老师同学交流，多看一些外文原著，全方位的提高自己的英语这样才能提高听力。我知道，学习语言本身就是一份辛苦且需要持之以恒的事情，同时需要时间来提高，所以我不能太急于进步，要一步一步努力。我相信有志者事竟成。努力过后，我的英语听力成绩会提高的。
【Key Words】myself; problems; methods; initiative; confidents; working hard
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Chapter 1 My problems
1、1 Few times to listen to English
As we all know, we should learn English in five aspects: listening, speaking, reading, writing interpreting. We can find easily that listening is the first thing that we should learn. Indeed, when we talk to others, we must know what their meanings are.
But by using the old methods, I had few times to listen to English. In fact, when I leant English, I did not pay attention to listening. I just learnt vocabularies and phrases or grammars .Then I did the exercises. I seldom practiced the listening. The reason is very easy that it is useless when I passed the examination. There are no questions about listening. So I am short of the ability about listening.
After I went to the university, I found that I should learn listening. My English teacher talked to us in English, and I can not understand her. So I was aware of the necessary to listen English. I know the importance of listening I daily life. Then the teacher told me that as a English major student ,I should to pass the TEM-4（Test for English majors）,and there is a listening exercises in the paper. So I made a decision that I should learn English listening. 1、2 Lacking of vocabularies
A vocabulary for listening comprehension and points are worth noting. A point is the pulse of English vocabulary, while in Chinese there are pulse, but in English is more common, and a number of commonly used words meaning is often up to
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dozens of, and often without any correlation between items, which will increase the difficulty of the hearing. Because when the learner to hear a word, the first reaction is to know the meaning of the word only or is the most familiar meaning, once hearing is used in another word meaning, it will inevitably produce the wrong understanding. To solve this problem first to enable students to master the vocabulary of the meanings as much as possible, the second is to listen the context of rapid response to choose the words to the most appropriate. Another point is about the keywords listening process control’
So I do not learn enough vocabularies.
When I went to the university and became an English major student, I found that I lacked of vocabularies. Vocabulary is very important for my English study. If English is a building, vocabulary is the tile of the building, and if I do not have enough tiles, I can not finish the architecture. When I do the exercises of the listening, I can not know what the word is. And when I was thinking this word, I missed the latter sentences. This is a formal question when I do the exercises of the listening. At last, I did miss the whole passage.
Then, in the English study, I find in the part of the Reading and Comprehension, the vocabulary is as well as very important. So the lacking of English vocabularies makes learning English harder and harder. 1、3 My bad pronunciation
During the English study, I found out that my bad pronunciation would infect my listening. I find when I speak English or read an essay, many words is read in a
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wrong way, and the pronunciation is wrong, too. So when I listen to English essay, I do not know the words. There are some words which I think familiar very much. For example:
(1) bad and bed: 坏的 与 床 (2)marries and merit 结婚 与 有点
Besides, there are something different in English and American English, which is about pronunciations. So I conclude some words which have two pronunciations, such as dictionary, library, necessary, preparatory, secretary, docile, fertile, hostile, missile ,schedule,clerk,either,figure,,issue,leisure,neither,direction,tomato,etc. 1、4 My confidence
Psychology research shows: the positive emotion can burst out amazing power. But I do not have the confident to listening English.
From the beginning of English has resentment, I think English is too difficult, so many brothers and sisters are all said, and I will not learn. So then, I listen to some class, and i work cannot be done conscientiously, who wrote the copy on the line. So I use the same way to study listening English. So I got a bad mark in the examination. Then I lacked my confidence to study English and spoken English as well as listening English.
So I lack of the confidence of the learning English.. 1、5 the background
Language is not only people used to express facts and ideas, but also reflects the people's ideas, beliefs and world views. If a listener is only master the language knowledge, and the lack of English culture background knowledge, do not
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understand the differences between Chinese and Western culture, must be in the discourse of deep understanding of the era. In English speaking countries, invited the meal were divided into formal and informal invitation, the invitation to pay, which is both the AA system. Formal invitation expressions such as: let me take you to lunch. Or Let me treat you to lunch.
Informal invitation expression: Let’s go out for a drink. Or How about getting together for lunch on Thursday? If the invitee not clear who will pay the bill, could be asked: Is this Dutch treat? So, the university English teacher in the classroom should be timely introduction of western social background knowledge, to enhance students’ awareness of the differences between Chinese and Western culture, improve students' intercultural communicative competence. Chapter 2 Others materials
Besides, I find some materials about English listening in college.
Most words have multiple meanings in a dictionary, but the meaning of a word depends on different to the word in different context. The exact meaning of a word according to the context to determine the judgment should be. For example: She was fast asleep. (She was sound asleep.) She ran fast. (She runs fast.) In a different context, the meaning of fast is not the same.
The right does not develop habits. Some students lack of the correct habit of listening. They are often the first to understand things first translated into Chinese, with Chinese in thought understanding, lack the habit of thinking in English directly, do not listen to understand memory, do not know how to understand and
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understand information quickly linked to form a coherent memory, the main points of the paper, through the organic connection must unite. Chapter 3 the methods
Firstly, there is no shortcut to learn English, the only way good and bad. For example, to remember English words, head bowed out of his way to write, this is not a good solution. A better way is to read aloud, repeated training of vocal organs and ears, the voice etched in my mind. This can improve hearing, but also improve the oral pronunciation, but also remember the words. Character training is the eyes and hands, but they can't hear and speak for you.
Secondly, to create a certain environment is a good way to study listening English. Listen, that is a kind of language, not a language environment or some listening, said conditions, only by hard work single-handed. Of course, modern science provides the tools recorder for us; we can put the text, dialogue and the Sino foreign finished tape recorded repeatedly listening and imitating. Also their oral composition and retelling recorded, careful listening, found the problem, timely rectification. However, under natural conditions, listening and speaking are inseparable. A person to listen to the actual process of another person said. If conditional word, best can self-study partner organizations, conducts regular session activity, or use society, park provides \"English corner\" and other conditions, not only training, practicing listening, practice in the real language environment, in order to obtain the considerable progress.
Then, I need to know my level. Some teachers told me that at different levels of
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learning method is not the same, high-level friends can through every day listening to English news program to improve and consolidate the hearing ability. As the primary level of a friend is no good, do not listen to more English, have feeling. If you can't understand the exact meaning of the word you hear, even if you heard a thousand times, you hear the words still do not know what it means. Therefore, in the primary level of friends, dictation is the best way to improve listening level. By every word repeated listening, pondering the meaning of every word is written on paper, to deepen the pronunciation of words in memory, so training more, hear the words to the rapid reaction, so as to achieve the purpose of improving listening comprehension.
Finally I need to create a good environment .The psychology research indicate that, while the students do the listening exercises the affective factors of the inner can largely affect the listening effect. Once students have tension, anxiety, it may create mental state such as fear, resentment and negative, which directly affect the normal level of play. Therefore, when doing listening practice, teachers should ease the tension students heart, choose appropriate difficulty listening material, create appropriate listening environment to cultivate students' confidence, play the normal or extraordinary level, and I should do it in my heart..
Chapter 4 Generation
English learning is not only a complex process, but also a need for its efforts in the process. Put down the psychological burden, correct learning attitude, and stand on solid ground to work hard, have the determination and perseverance to
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study hard. Listen to English more, pay attention to learning methods, cultivate interest in learning, listening to some English songs, European and American TV film, enlarge their vocabulary, but not the words won't meet directly the dictionary, listen more and more memory, dare to say many, many websites, make full use of network resources, to communicate with the teacher classmates, read some original language, a full range of to improve my English in order to improve listening. I know that learning a language is a hard thing and need to persevere, so I can not be too eager to progress, a step. I believe ‘there is a will, there is a way’. After efforts, my English listening achievement will improve.
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