独立主格精讲精练

独立结构，又称独立主格结构， 是由名词/代词 +现在分词/ 过去分词/不定式/ 形容词/ 副词/ 介词短语构成。这种结构在句子中通常作状语，表示原因，时间，条件，方式或伴随动作等。独立主格中的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，要独立存在。名词或代词为逻辑主语。

1). n./pron. +V.ing (主动关系)

Weather permitting, we will go swimming.

The old black woman used to tell stories under the tall tree, her grandchildren seated and ________ carefully. (listen )

2). n. / pron.+ pp. (被动关系)

Everyone went, me included.

He lay on his back, his hands _crossed_____ under his head.

The job _finished_____, they are packing up to leave.

3). n./pron. + to do/ to be done （将来的动作或状态)

Lots of homework to do, the little boy had to stay home all day. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _________ in a year. ( follow )

4). n./ pron. + adj. (表伴随状态）

His stomach empty, he looked for something to eat when he came back.

It was snowing heavily outside. Jason hurried into the room, __his nose red with cold_____________________ .

他的鼻子冻得发红。

5. n./ pron. + adv.

Class over, the students rushed out of the classroom.

He pulled on his socks in a hurry, wrong side out.

6. n./ pron. + 介词短语

He came out of the library, a thick dictionary under his arm. Many guests came to her birthday party, a few of them from Australia 其中几个来自澳大利亚。