LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902Single Supply QuadOperational Amplifiers
The LM324 series are low–cost, quad operational amplifiers withtrue differential inputs. They have several distinct advantages overstandard operational amplifier types in single supply applications. Thequad amplifier can operate at supply voltages as low as 3.0 V or ashigh as 32 V with quiescent currents about one–fifth of thoseassociated with the MC1741 (on a per amplifier basis). The commonmode input range includes the negative supply, thereby eliminating thenecessity for external biasing components in many applications. Theoutput voltage range also includes the negative power supply voltage.•Short Circuited Protected Outputs•True Differential Input Stage
•Single Supply Operation: 3.0 V to 32 V (LM224, LM324, LM324A)•Low Input Bias Currents: 100 nA Maximum (LM324A)•Four Amplifiers Per Package•Internally Compensated
•Common Mode Range Extends to Negative Supply•Industry Standard Pinouts
•ESD Clamps on the Inputs Increase Ruggedness without AffectingDevice Operation
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
LM224LM324,LM324A32±16±32–0.3 to 32LM2902,LM2902V26±13±26–0.3 to 26VdcVCCVICRtSCTJTstgTA–25 to +850 to +70–40 to +105–40 to +125VdcInputs 2Out 2°C°Chttp://onsemi.com
PDIP–14N SUFFIXCASE 646
141
SO–14D SUFFIXCASE 751A
14
1
14TSSOP–14DTB SUFFIXCASE 948G
1RatingPower Supply VoltagesSingle SupplySplit SuppliesInput Differential VoltageRange (Note 1)Input Common ModeVoltage RangeOutput Short CircuitDurationJunction TemperatureStorage TemperatureRangeOperating Ambient Temperature RangeLM224LM324, 324ALM2902LM2902V, NCV29021.Split Power Supplies.SymbolVCCVCC, VEEVIDRUnitVdcPIN CONNECTIONS
Out 1Inputs 11234567)2*3)**1)*4)141312111098Out 4Inputs 4VEE, GndInputs 3Out 3
Continuous150–65 to +150(Top View)
ORDERING INFORMATION
°CSee detailed ordering and shipping information in the packagedimensions section on page 9 of this data sheet.
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
See general marking information in the device markingsection on page 10 of this data sheet.
© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 20021
May, 2002 – Rev. 8
Publication Order Number:
LM324/D
LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 5.0 V, VEE = Gnd, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)LM224CharacteristicsInput Offset VoltageVCC = 5.0 V to 30 V(26 V for LM2902, V),VICR = 0 V toVCC –1.7 V,VO = 1.4 V, RS = 0 ΩTA = 25°CTA = Thigh (Note 2)TA = Tlow (Note 2)Average TemperatureCoefficient of InputOffset VoltageTA = Thigh to Tlow(Notes 2 and 4)Input Offset CurrentTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 2)Average TemperatureCoefficient of InputOffset CurrentTA = Thigh to Tlow(Notes 2 and 4)Input Bias CurrentTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 2)Input Common ModeVoltage Range(Note 3)VCC = 30 V(26 V for LM2902, V)TA = +25°CTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 2)Differential InputVoltage RangeLarge Signal OpenLoop Voltage GainRL = 2.0 kΩ, VCC = 15 V, for Large VO SwingTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 2)Channel Separation10 kHz ≤ f ≤ 20 kHz,Input ReferencedCommon ModeRejection, RS ≤ 10 kΩPower SupplyRejectionCSVIDRAVOL50100–25100–25100–25100–25100–∆VIO/∆TSymbolVIOMinTypMaxMinLM324ATypMaxMinLM324TypMaxMinLM2902TypMaxLM2902V/NCV2902MinTypMaxUnitmV––––2.0––7.05.07.07.0–––––2.0––7.03.05.05.030––––2.0––7.07.09.09.0–––––2.0––7.07.01010–––––2.0––7.07.01310–µV/°CIIO–––3.0–1030100––––5.0–103075300–––5.0–1050150––––5.0–1050200––––5.0–1050200–nA∆IIO/∆TpA/°CIIB–––90––150–300–––45––100–200–––90––250–500–––90––250–500–––90––250–500nAVICRV00––––28.328VCC00––––28.328VCC00––––28.328VCC00––––24.324VCC00––––24.324VCCVV/mV25–––120––15–––120––15–––120––15–––120––15–––120––dBCMR7085–6570–6570–5070–5070–dBPSR65100–65100–65100–50100–50100–dB2.LM224: Tlow = –25°C, Thigh = +85°C
LM324/LM324A: Tlow = 0°C, Thigh = +70°CLM2902: Tlow = –40°C, Thigh = +105°C
LM2902V & NCV2902: Tlow = –40°C, Thigh = +125°CNCV2902 is qualified for automotive use.3.The input common mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3 V. The upper end ofthe common mode voltage range is VCC –1.7 V.4.Guaranteed by design.
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 5.0 V, VEE = Gnd, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)LM224CharacteristicsOutput Voltage–High Limit(TA = Thigh to Tlow)(Note 5)VCC = 5.0 V, RL =2.0 kΩ, TA = 25°CVCC = 30 V(26 V for LM2902, V),RL = 2.0 kΩVCC = 30 V(26 V for LM2902, V),RL = 10 kΩOutput Voltage –Low Limit, VCC = 5.0 V, RL = 10 kΩ,TA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 5)Output Source Current(VID = +1.0 V, VCC = 15 V)TA = 25°CTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 5)Output Sink Current(VID = –1.0 V, VCC = 15 V) TA = 25°CTA = Thigh to Tlow(Note 5)(VID = –1.0 V, VO = 200 mV, TA = 25°C)Output Short Circuitto Ground(Note 6)Power Supply Current(TA = Thigh to Tlow)(Note 5)VCC = 30 V(26 V for LM2902, V),VO = 0 V, RL = ∞VCC = 5.0 V,VO = 0 V, RL = ∞ISCIO –1020–1020–1020–1020–1020–VOLSymbolVOHMinTypMaxMinLM324ATypMaxMinLM324TypMaxMinLM2902TypMaxLM2902V/NCV2902MinTypMaxUnitV3.3263.5–––3.3263.5–––3.3263.5–––3.3223.5–––3.3223.5–––2728–2728–2728–2324–2324––5.020–5.020–5.020–5.0100–5.0100mVIO +20104020––20104020––20104020––20104020––20104020––mAmA5.0128.050––5.0128.050––5.0128.050––5.0–8.0–––5.0–8.0–––µA–4060–4060–4060–4060–4060mAICC––3.0–1.43.0––3.0––3.0––3.0mA––1.2–0.71.2––1.2––1.2––1.25.LM224: Tlow = –25°C, Thigh = +85°CLM324/LM324A: Tlow = 0°C, Thigh = +70°CLM2902: Tlow = –40°C, Thigh = +105°C
LM2902V & NCV2902: Tlow = –40°C, Thigh = +125°CNCV2902 is qualified for automotive use.6.The input common mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3 V. The upper end ofthe common mode voltage range is VCC –1.7 V.
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
Bias CircuitryCommon to FourAmplifiersVCC
Q14Q13Q195.0 pF40 kQ1225+
Q18Inputs-Q2Q3Q4Q17Q21Q5Q6Q26Q7Q8Q10Q12.0 kVEE/Gnd
Q9Q20Q11Q252.4 kQ23Q24Q22OutputQ15Q16Figure 1. Representative Circuit Diagram
(One–Fourth of Circuit Shown)
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The LM324 series is made using four internallycompensated, two–stage operational amplifiers. The firststage of each consists of differential input devices Q20 andQ18 with input buffer transistors Q21 and Q17 and thedifferential to single ended converter Q3 and Q4. The firststage performs not only the first stage gain function but alsoperforms the level shifting and transconductance reductionfunctions. By reducing the transconductance, a smallercompensation capacitor (only 5.0 pF) can be employed, thussaving chip area. The transconductance reduction isaccomplished by splitting the collectors of Q20 and Q18.Another feature of this input stage is that the input commonmode range can include the negative supply or ground, insingle supply operation, without saturating either the inputdevices or the differential to single–ended converter. Thesecond stage consists of a standard current source loadamplifier stage.
VCC = 15 VdcRL = 2.0 kΩTA = 25°C1.0 V/DIV5.0 µs/DIVFigure 2. Large Signal Voltage Follower Response
Each amplifier is biased from an internal–voltageregulator which has a low temperature coefficient thusgiving each amplifier good temperature characteristics aswell as excellent power supply rejection.
3.0 V to VCC(max)1234VCCVCC1234VEE1.5 V to VEE(max)1.5 V to VCC(max)
VEE/GndSingle Supply
Figure 3.
Split Supplies
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
20A V O L, LARGE-SIGNALOPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)18±V , INPUT VOLTAGE (V)I 161412 108.0 6.0 4.02.00
NegativePositive120100806040200-20
1.0101001.0 k10 k100 k1.0 MVCC = 15 VVEE = GndTA = 25°C02.0 4.0 6.08.0 101214 161820± VCC/VEE, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGES (V)f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 4. Input Voltage RangeFigure 5. Open Loop Frequency
14VOR, OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE (Vpp)VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)12108.06.04.02.001.0101001000RL = 2.0 kΩVCC = 15 VVEE = GndGain = -100RI = 1.0 kΩRF = 100 kΩ550500450400350300250200001.02.03.04.0t, TIME (µs)
VCC = 30 VVEE = GndTA = 25°CCL = 50 pF5.06.07.08.0InputOutputf, FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 6. Large–Signal Frequency Response
Figure 7. Small–Signal Voltage Follower
Pulse Response (Noninverting)
2.4I C C , POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)I I B , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)2.11.81.51.20.90.60.3005.010152025VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
3035TA = 25°CRL = R90
80
70
02.04.0
6.08.010121416VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
1820
Figure 8. Power Supply Current versus
Power Supply VoltageFigure 9. Input Bias Current versus
Power Supply Voltage
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
50 kR1VCCR2VCC-Vref1/45.0 k10 k-VCC1/4MC14032.5 VLM324+VO1Vref = VCC2R1R2RLM324+VO1fo = 2 π RC
CFor:fo = 1.0 kHz
R = 16 kΩC = 0.01 µF
VO = 2.5 V ă1 +CRFigure 10. Voltage ReferenceFigure 11. Wien Bridge Oscillator
e1+LM324-R1a R1b R1-Vref1/41/41CRR2RR1VOH+VO1/4HysteresisLM324+1CRReoVinVinL =VinH =H =LM324-VOVOLVinLVrefVinH-e2LM324+1/4R1(VOL - Vref) + VrefR1 + R2R1(VOH - Vref) + VrefR1 + R2R1(VOH - VOL)R1 + R2eo = C (1 + a + b) (e2 - e1)Figure 12. High Impedance Differential AmplifierFigure 13. Comparator with HysteresisRRVinC1R2-CRC-1/4100 k1fo =2 π RCR1 = QRR1R2 =TBPR3 = TN R2C1 = 10CFor:ąfoă=ă1.0 kHzFor:ąQă= 10For:ąTBPă= 1For:ąTNă= 1Notch OutputRCR1R2R3
= 160 kΩ= 0.001 µF= 1.6 MΩ= 1.6 MΩ= 1.6 MΩ Vref=1V2CCLM324+1/4100 kLM324+ VrefBandpassOutput-R31/4-LM324+ VrefC11/4 VrefR2R1LM324+ Vref
Where:ąTBPă=ăCenter Frequency GainWhere:ąTNă=ăPassband Notch Gain
Figure 14. Bi–Quad Filter
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
V ref=Vref
1V2CC+1/4Triangle WaveOutputLM324-CRf
f =
R1 + RC4 CRf R1
ifR3 =
R2 R1R2 + R1R375 kVrefR1100 kR2300 k+VCC1/4LM324-SquareWaveOutputVinR1CCR3-LM324+Vref1V ref=2VCC1/4COVO
CO = 10 CR2Figure 15. Function GeneratorFigure 16. Multiple Feedback Bandpass Filter
Given:ąfoă=ăcenter frequency
A(fo)ă=ăgain at center frequencyChoose value fo, CThen:
R3 =R1 =R2 =
Qπ fo CR32 A(fo)R1 R34Q2 R1 - R3
Qo foBW
< 0.1
For less than 10% error from operational amplifier,where fo and BW are expressed in Hz.
If source impedance varies, filter may be preceded withvoltage follower buffer to stabilize filter parameters.
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
ORDERING INFORMATION
DeviceLM224DLM224DR2LM224DTBLM224DTBR2LM224NLM324DLM324DR2LM324DTBLM324DTBR2LM324NLM324ADLM324ADR2LM324ADTBLM324ADTBR2LM324ANLM2902DLM2902DR2LM2902DTBLM2902DTBR2LM2902NLM2902VDLM2902VDR2LM2902VDTBLM2902VDTBR2LM2902VNNCV2902DR2PackageSO–14SO–14TSSOP–14TSSOP–14PDIP–14SO–14SO–14TSSOP–14TSSOP–14PDIP–14SO–14SO–14TSSOP–14TSSOP–14PDIP–14SO–14SO–14TSSOP–14TSSOP–14PDIP–14SO–14SO–14TSSOP–14TSSOP–14PDIP–14SO–14–4040°toto +125+125°C–400°to +105o05°C0°to +70to+70°C–255°to +85o85°COperating Temperature RangeShipping55 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel96 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel25 Units/Rail55 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel96 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel25 Units/Rail55 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel96 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel25 Units/Rail55 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel96 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel25 Units/Rail55 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel96 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reel25 Units/Rail2500 Tape & Reelhttp://onsemi.com
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
MARKING DIAGRAMS
PDIP–14N SUFFIXCASE 646
14
LM324ANAWLYYWW1
114
LMx24NAWLYYWW
114
LM2902NAWLYYWW
114
LM2902VNAWLYYWW
SO–14D SUFFIXCASE 751A
14
LM324ADAWLYWW1
114
LMx24DAWLYWW
114
LM2902DAWLYWW
114
LM2902VDAWLYWW
*
TSSOP–14DTB SUFFIXCASE 948G
14x24AWYW1
114324AAWYW
1142902AWYW
1142902V
AWYW
x= 2 or 3A= Assembly LocationWL= Wafer LotYY, Y= Year
WW, W= Work Week
*This marking diagram also applies to NCV2902.
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PDIP–14N SUFFIXCASE 646–06ISSUE M
NOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.3.DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHENFORMED PARALLEL.4.DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.5.ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.INCHESMILLIMETERSMINMAXMINMAX0.7150.77018.1618.800.2400.2606.106.600.1450.1853.694.690.0150.0210.380.530.0400.0701.021.780.100 BSC2.54 BSC0.0520.0951.322.410.0080.0150.200.380.1150.1352.923.430.2900.3107.377.87---10 ---10 __0.0150.0390.381.01148B17AFN–T–SEATINGPLANELCHGD14 PLKMJMDIMABCDFGHJKLMN0.13 (0.005)SO–14D SUFFIXCASE 751A–03
ISSUE F
–A–148NOTES:
1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.
2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.3.DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDEMOLD PROTRUSION.
4.MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)PER SIDE.
5.DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBARPROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTALIN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION ATMAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
–B–17P7 PL0.25 (0.010)MBMGC–T–SEATINGPLANERX 45_FD14 PL0.25 (0.010)KMMSJTBASDIMABCDFGJKMPRMILLIMETERSMINMAX8.558.753.804.001.351.750.350.490.401.251.27 BSC0.190.250.100.250 7 __5.806.200.250.50INCHESMINMAX0.3370.3440.1500.1570.0540.0680.0140.0190.0160.0490.050 BSC0.0080.0090.0040.0090 7 __0.2280.2440.0100.019http://onsemi.com
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LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902, LM2902V, NCV2902
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TSSOP–14DTB SUFFIXCASE 948G–01
ISSUE O
14X REFKNOTES:
1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.
2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3.DIMENSION A DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH,PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASHOR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15(0.006) PER SIDE.
4.DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEADFLASH OR PROTRUSION. INTERLEAD FLASH ORPROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE.
5.DIMENSION K DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBARPROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL INEXCESS OF THE K DIMENSION AT MAXIMUMMATERIAL CONDITION.
6.TERMINAL NUMBERS ARE SHOWN FORREFERENCE ONLY.
7.DIMENSION A AND B ARE TO BE DETERMINEDAT DATUM PLANE -W-.
DIMABCDFGHJJ1KK1LMMILLIMETERSMINMAX4.905.104.304.50---1.200.050.150.500.750.65 BSC0.500.600.090.200.090.160.190.300.190.256.40 BSC0 8 __INCHESMINMAX0.1930.2000.1690.177---0.0470.0020.0060.0200.0300.026 BSC0.0200.0240.0040.0080.0040.0060.0070.0120.0070.0100.252 BSC0 8 __0.10 (0.004)0.15 (0.006)TUSMTUSVSN2XL/21480.25 (0.010)MLPIN 1IDENT.17B–U–NFDETAIL EKK1JJ10.15 (0.006)TUSA–V–SECTION N–N–W–C0.10 (0.004)–T–SEATINGPLANEDGHDETAIL EON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to makechanges without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for anyparticular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and allliability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/orspecifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must bevalidated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applicationsintended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or deathmay occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLCand its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney feesarising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges thatSCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
JAPAN: ON Semiconductor, Japan Customer Focus Center
4–32–1 Nishi–Gotanda, Shinagawa–ku, Tokyo, Japan 141–0031Phone: 81–3–5740–2700Email: r14525@onsemi.com
ON Semiconductor Website: http://onsemi.comFor additional information, please contact your localSales Representative.http://onsemi.com12LM324/D
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