STEM专业为科学、技术、工程和数学专业的统称，这些专业可以获得最多29个月的OPT时间。但究竟哪些专业算是STEM专业呢？今天我们让你一次性了解422个STEM专业。
STEM到底是个啥？
STEM是科学（Science）、技术（Technology）、工程（Engineering）、数学（Mathematics）类学科的统称。在STEM领域内获得学位的人数是在进行国家实力比较中的一项重要指标。在美国移民与海关执法局公布的STEM列表里，一共有422个专业被列在了STEM专业的范畴里，而且这个表格还在持续更新中，并不是只有理工科的专业才能被算作STEM，一些金融相关的专业，比如金融工程、金融数学，还有商学院里的一些专业，比如供应链管理和商业分析，这都也被更新到了STEM的专业列表里。
STEM 专业有什么福利？
OPT(全称Optional Practical Training，专业实习)计划是美国针对国际留学生颁布的一项政策，目前，STEM专业学生的OPT时间被延长了很多。普通专业的毕业生有12个月的OPT时间，但是根据最新的政策，STEM专业的毕业生一共有36个月的OPT时间，是普通毕业生OPT时间的三倍。
OPT是在正式拿到工作签证前的一个在美国工作的临时身份。如果应届毕业生在毕业以后如果找到了一份工作，可以在没有拿到H1B签证的情况下以OPT的身份正常工作12个月，学生可以在这OPT有效期内抽取H1B，如果抽到了H1B并且通过了面签，那就可以继续以合法的身份留在美国工作。但是问题是H1B的抽取并不是很容易，举个例子，今年有20余万人参与H1B的抽签，但是只有8.5万人能够抽到H1B，剩下的11.5万人是注定了没有机会拿到H1B的。如果是普通专业的学生没有在第一年里抽到H1B，那他就必须在OPT失效以后离开美国，或者读取更高的学历继续以学生身份留在美国；但是如果是STEM的学生没有在第一年里抽到H1B，那没关系，他还有两年的时间继续保持现有的工作留在美国，并且在这两年内得到两次抽取H1B签证的额外机会。
美国就业市场中，理工科类工作需求是其它工作需求的1.7倍，而美国就业者中理工科人才数量不足，不能填满这些职位空缺。据美国教育部的统计，现在只有16%的高中生对理工科专业感兴趣。
所以美国需要大量的STEM人才，这也是在美国的留学生拿绿卡的主要途径： 学STEM专业，申请OPT，申请工作签证，然后申请绿卡。
以下是全部422个STEM专业列表（以开头字母顺序排列）
A:
Acoustics
Actuarial Science
Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Aeronautics/Aviation/Aerospace Science and Technology, General
Aerospace Ground Equipment Technology
Aerospace Physiology and Medicine
Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical/Space Engineering
Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Breeding
Agricultural Animal Breeding
Agricultural Engineering
AgroEcology and Sustainable Agriculture
Agronomy and Crop Science
Air and Space Operational Art and Science
Air and Space Operations Technology
Air Science/Airpower Studies
Aircraft Armament Systems Technology
Algebra and Number Theory
Analysis and Functional Analysis
Analytical Chemistry
Anatomy
Animal Behavior and Ethology
Animal Genetics
Animal Health
Animal Nutrition
Animal Physiology
Animal Sciences, General
Animal Sciences, Other
AniMATion, InterACTive Technology, Video GrAPhics and SpeCIAl Effects
Applied Mathematics, General
Applied Mathematics, Other
Aquatic Biology/Limnology
Archeology
Architectural and Building Sciences/Technology
Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD
Architectural Engineering
Architectural Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
ArtifiCIAl Intelligence
Astronomy
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Other
Astrophysics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climatology
Atmospheric Physics and Dynamics
Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, General
Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other
Atomic/Molecular Physics
AutoMATion Engineer Technology/TechniCIAn
Automotive Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn[SITESERVER_PAGE]
B:
Behavioral Sciences
BioChemical Engineering
Biochemistry
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Other
Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering
BioinforMATics
Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Other
Biological and Physical Sciences
BioLogical/BioSystems Engineering
Biology TechniCIAn/Biotechnology Laboratory TechniCIAn
Biology/Biological Sciences, General
BioMathematics, BioinforMATics, and Computational Biology, Other
Biomedical Sciences, General
Biomedical Technology/TechniCIAn
Biometry/Biometrics
Biophysics
BioPsychology
BioStatistics
Biotechnology
Botany/Plant Biology
Botany/Plant Biology, Other
Business Statistics
C:
CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/TechniCIAn
Cardiovascular Science
Cell Biology and Anatomy
Cell Physiology
Cell/Cellular and Molecular Biology
Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Other
Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology
Ceramic Sciences and Engineering
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Chemical Engineering, Other
Chemical Physics
Chemical Process Technology
Chemical Technology/TechniCIAn
Chemistry, General
Chemistry, Other
Civil Drafting and Civil Engineering CAD/CADD
Civil Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Civil Engineering, General
Civil Engineering, Other
Clinical and Industrial Drug Development
Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist
Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics
Cognitive Science
Combat Systems Engineering
Comparative Psychology
Computational and Applied Mathematics
Computational Biology
Computational Mathematics
Computational Science
Computer and Information Sciences, General
Computer and Information Sciences, Other
Computer and InforMATion Systems Security/InforMATion Assurance
Computer Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Computer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Computer Engineering, General
Computer Engineering, Other
Computer Graphics
Computer Hardware Engineering
Computer Hardware Technology/TechniCIAn
Computer Programming, Other
Computer Programming, Specific APplications
Computer Programming, Vendor/Product Certification
Computer Programming/Programmer, General
Computer Science
Computer Software and Media APplications, Other
Computer Software Engineering
Computer Software Technology/TechniCIAn
Computer Support SpeCIAlist
Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst
Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications
Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology
Computer/Information Technology Services Administration and Management, Other
Condensed Matter and MATerials Physics
Conservation Biology
Construction Engineering
Construction Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Cyber/Computer Forensics and Counterterrorism
Cyber/Electronic Operations and Warfare
Cytotechnology/Cytotechnologist
D:
Dairy Science
DATa Modeling/Warehousing and DATabase Administration
DATa Processing and DATa Processing Technology/TechniCIAn
Developmental and Child Psychology
Developmental Biology and Embryology
Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia
Directed Energy Systems
Drafting and Design Technology/TechniCIAn, General
Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
E:
Ecology
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Ecology, Evolution, SysteMATics and Population Biology, Other
Econometrics and Quantitative Economics
Educational Evaluation and Research
Educational Statistics and Research Methods
Educational/Instructional Technology
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, Other
Electrical/Electronics Drafting and Electrical/Electronics CAD/CADD
Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Electromechanical Engineering
Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering Technology
Elementary Particle Physics
Endocrinology
Energy Management and Systems Technology/TechniCIAn
Engineering Acoustics
Engineering Chemistry
Engineering Design
Engineering Mechanics
Engineering Physics/Applied Physics
Engineering Science
Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields, Other
Engineering Technology, General
Engineering, General
Engineering, Other
Engineering/Industrial Management
Engineering-Related Fields, Other
Engineering-Related Technologies, Other
Entomology
Environmental Biology
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Control Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology
Environmental Health
Environmental Science
Environmental Studies
Environmental Toxicology
Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering
Epidemiology
Evolutionary Biology
Exercise Physiology
Experimental Psychology
Explosive Ordinance/Bomb Disposal
F:
Financial Mathematics
Food Science
Food Science and Technology, Other
Food Technology and Processing
Forensic Chemistry
Forensic Science and Technology
ForestEngineering
ForestSciences and Biology
G:
Genetics, General
Genetics, Other
Genome Sciences/Genomics
Geochemistry
Geochemistry and Petrology
GeogrAPhic InforMATion Science and Cartography
GeoLogical and EArth Sciences/Geosciences, Other
Geological/Geophysical Engineering
Geology/Earth Science, General
Geometry/Geometric Analysis
GeoPhysics and Seismology
Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
H：
Hazardous MATerials InforMATion Systems Technology/TechniCIAn
Hazardous MATerials Management and Waste Technology/TechniCIAn
Health/Medical Physics
Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Horticultural Science
Human Biology
Human Computer InterACTion
Human/Medical Genetics
Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology/TechniCIAn
Hydrology and Water Resources Science
I:
Immunology
Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Cosmetic Sciences
Industrial Engineering
Industrial Production Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Industrial Radiologic Technology/TechniCIAn
Industrial Safety Technology/TechniCIAn
Industrial Technology/TechniCIAn
InforMATics
InforMATion Operations/Joint InforMATion Operations
Information Science/Studies
Information Technology
Information Technology Project Management
InforMATion/PsychoLogical Warfare and Military Media Relations
Inorganic Chemistry
Instrumentation Technology/TechniCIAn
Integrated Circuit Design
Intelligence, Command Control and InforMATion Operations, Other
Intelligence, General
J:
Joint Command/Task Force (C, CI) Systems
L:
Laser and Optical Engineering
Laser and Optical Technology/TechniCIAn
Livestock Management
Low-Observables and Stealth Technology
M:
Management Science
Management Science and Quantitative Methods, Other
Manufacturing Engineering
Manufacturing Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Marine Biology and BioLogical OceanogrAPhy
Marine Sciences
MATerials Chemistry
Materials Engineering
Materials Science
Materials Sciences, Other
MATheMATical Biology
Mathematical Statistics and Probability
Mathematics and Computer Science
Mathematics and Statistics
Mathematics and Statistics, Other
Mathematics, General
Mathematics, Other
Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/TechniCIAn
Mechatronics, Robotics, and AutoMATion Engineering
Medical Informatics
Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology
Medical Scientist
Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Metallurgical Engineering
Metallurgical Technology/TechniCIAn
Meteorology
Microbial and Eukaryotic Genetics
MicrobioLogical Sciences and Immunology, Other
Microbiology and Immunology
Microbiology, General
Military Applied Sciences, Other
Military InforMATion Systems Technology
Military Systems and Maintenance Technology, Other
Military Technologies and Applied Sciences, Other
Mining and Mineral Engineering
Mining and Petroleum Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Mining Technology/TechniCIAn
Missile and Space Systems Technology
Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation
Molecular Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Molecular Biophysics
Molecular Genetics
Molecular Medicine
Molecular Pharmacology
Molecular Physiology
Molecular Toxicology
Munitions Systems/Ordinance Technology
Mycology[SITESERVER_PAGE]
N:
Nanotechnology
Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
Natural Resources Conservation and Research, Other
Natural Resources/Conservation, General
Natural Sciences
Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
Naval Science and Operational Studies
Network and System Administration/Administrator
Neuroanatomy
Neurobiology and Anatomy
Neurobiology and Behavior
Neurobiology and Neurosciences, Other
NeuroPharmacology
Neuroscience
Nuclear and Industrial RadioLogic Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Nuclear Engineering
Nuclear Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear/Nuclear Power Technology/TechniCIAn
Nutrition Sciences
O:
Occupational Safety and Health Technology/TechniCIAn
Ocean Engineering
OceanogrAPhy, Chemical and Physical
Oncology and Cancer Biology
Operational OceanogrAPhy
Operations Research
Optics/Optical Sciences
Organic Chemistry
P:
PackAging Science
Paleontology
PAPer Science and Engineering
Parasitology
Pathology/Experimental Pathology
Personality Psychology
Petroleum Engineering
Petroleum Technology/TechniCIAn
Pharmaceutical Sciences
Pharmaceutics and Drug Design
PharmacoEconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics
Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Toxicology
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Other
Photobiology
Physical Chemistry
Physical Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Physical Sciences
Physical Sciences, Other
Physics, General
Physics, Other
Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology
Physiology, General
Physiology, Pathology, and Related Sciences, Other
Planetary Astronomy and Science
Plant Genetics
Plant Molecular Biology
Plant Pathology/Phytopathology
Plant Physiology
Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management
Plant Sciences, General
Plant Sciences, Other
Plasma and High-Temperature Physics
Plastics and Polymer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Polymer Chemistry
Polymer/Plastics Engineering
Population Biology
Poultry Science
Pre-Engineering
Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology
PsychoPharmacology
Q:
Quality Control and Safety Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Quality Control Technology/TechniCIAn
R:
Radar Communications and Systems Technology
Radiation Biology/Radiobiology
Range Science and Management
Reproductive Biology
Research and Experimental Psychology, Other
Robotics Technology/TechniCIAn
S:
Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, General
Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other
Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology
Signal/Geospatial Intelligence
Social Psychology
Soil Chemistry and Physics
Soil Microbiology
Soil Science and Agronomy, General
Soil Sciences, Other
Solar Energy Technology/TechniCIAn
Space Systems Operations
Statistics, General
Statistics, Other
Strategic Intelligence
Structural Biology
Structural Engineering
Surveying Engineering
Surveying Technology/Surveying
Sustainability Studies
System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager
SysteMATic Biology/BioLogical SysteMATics
Systems Engineering
Systems Science and Theory
T:
TeleCommunications Engineering
Telecommunications Technology/TechniCIAn
Textile Sciences and Engineering
Theoretical and Mathematical Physics
Theoretical Chemistry
Topology and FounDATions
Toxicology
Transportation and Highway Engineering
U:
Undersea Warfare
Urban Forestry
V:
Veterinary Anatomy
Veterinary Infectious Diseases
Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology
Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology
Veterinary Physiology
Veterinary Preventive medicine Epidemiology and Public Health
Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology
Virology
Vision Science/PhysioLogical Optics
W:
Water Quality and Wastewater Treatment Management and Recycling Technology/TechniCIAn
Water Resources Engineering
Water, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Management
Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and InforMATion Resources Design
Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster
Welding Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn
Wildlife Biology
Wildlife, Fish and Wildlands Science and Management
Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and PAPer Technology
Z:
Zoology/Animal Biology
Zoology/Animal Biology, Other