昨天正当我用十成一阳指功力戳键盘、昏天暗地coding的时候,正好被人问了一个问题,差点没收好功,洪荒之力侧漏震伤桌边的人,废话不多说,先上栗子(精简版,只为说明问题):
from functools import wraps
from time import sleep
def retry(attempts=3, wait=2):
if attempts < 0 or attempts > 5:
retry_times = 3
else:
retry_times = attempts
if wait < 0 or wait > 5:
retry_wait = 2
else:
retry_wait = after
def retry_decorator(func):
@wraps(func)
def wrapped_function(*args, **kwargs):
while retry_times > 0:
try:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
except :
sleep(retry_wait)
retry_times -= 1
return wrapped_function
return retry_decorator
python是duck-typing的编程语言,就算有warning照样跑,写个简单到极限的的函数,用一下装饰器,在wrapped_function
逻辑里打个断点看一下各个变量的值也是很快能找到问题的(直接跑也能看到错误:UnboundLocalError: local variable 'retry_attempts' referenced before assignment
, 至少比warning msg有用):
@retry(7, 8)
def test():
print 23333
raise Exception('Call me exception 2333.')
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
output: UnboundLocalError: local variable 'retry_times' referenced before assignment
def retry(attempts=3, wait=2):
temp_dict = {
'retry_times': 3 if attempts < 0 or attempts > 5 else attempts,
'retry_wait': 2 if wait < 0 or wait > 5 else wait
}
def retry_decorate(fn):
@wraps(fn)
def wrapped_function(*args, **kwargs):
print id(temp_dict), temp_dict
while temp_dict.get('retry_times') > 0:
try:
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
except :
sleep(temp_dict.get('retry_wait'))
temp_dict['retry_times'] = temp_dict.get('retry_times') - 1
print id(temp_dict), temp_dict
print id(temp_dict), temp_dict
return wrapped_function
return retry_decorate
@retry(7, 8)
def test():
print 23333
raise Exception('Call me exception 2333.')
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
#output:
4405472064 {'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 3}
4405472064 {'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 3}
23333
4405472064 {'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 2}
23333
4405472064 {'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 1}
23333
4405472064 {'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 0}
从output中可以看到,用dict包装后,程序能够正常的工作,和预期的一致,其实我们也可以从函数的闭包的值再次确认:
>>> test.func_closure[1].cell_contents
{'retry_wait': 2, 'retry_times': 2}
我是结尾,PEACE!
参考资料: